Pop-up ads experienced a remarkable surge in the late 1990s and early 2000s, initially offering a seemingly easy way for businesses to reach a vast audience. Driven by their immediate visibility, these intrusive boxes became ubiquitous across the internet , generating substantial income for publishers and promoters . However, user annoyance rapidly

In today's digital landscape, businesses are constantly seeking innovative ways to reach their target audience and drive growth. Online advertising networks have emerged as a powerful tool for achieving these objectives. These networks provide a vast user base, allowing businesses to strategically focus on specific demographics, interests, and beha